086
FXUS63 KDMX 031938
AFDDMX

Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Des Moines IA
238 PM CDT Fri Jul 3 2026

.KEY MESSAGES...

- Thunderstorm chances continue at times late this afternoon and
  through the overnight hours. Damaging winds and heavy rainfall
  are the main concerns, although hail will also be possible
  with stronger storms. 

- Additional heavy rainfall today and tonight could lead to new
  or worsening flash flood conditions, especially in areas that
  received significant rainfall last night. 

- Scattered showers and non-severe thunderstorms possible on
  Independence Day, mainly over northern Iowa. 

&&

.SHORT TERM /THROUGH SATURDAY NIGHT/...
Issued at 233 PM CDT Fri Jul 3 2026

After what was a very wet night and morning for central Iowa, we are 
seeing a bit of a break in the activity today before more storms 
develop again overnight. The environment left over from this 
morning's storms is quickly recovering thanks to mostly clear skies 
and persistent warm, moist air advecting into the area. This will 
lead to more destabilization, generally along a mesoscale boundary 
with an instability gradient setting from west to east over central 
Iowa. There isn't much for synoptic forcing over Iowa this 
afternoon, but as we approach peak heating, convergence along the 
boundary may be sufficient to develop storms. The general timing for 
this initiation looks to be around 23z to 00z at the earliest, 
although short range guidance is a bit uncertain on when these 
diurnally driven storms will develop, if at all. Something to 
watch that's developing as this is being written, is the MCS 
currently over Missouri producing a cloud shield and likely 
limiting heating in Iowa. This could limit initiation later 
today. That said, this activity find enough lift to take off 
late this afternoon and into the evening, it will have access to
3000 to 4000 J/kg of CAPE, although wind shear will be modest 
around 30 kts. Therefore, severe weather is certainly possible 
if any stronger storms develop an organized updraft. Damaging 
winds and hail will be the main concerns, with a low risk for 
tornadoes given poor low level flow. Of similar concern will be 
the potential for heavy rainfall in a moisture rich environment 
combined with training storms over areas that had already 
received heavy rainfall last night. This could exacerbate 
ongoing flood conditions, or lead to new flooding in areas where
soils are saturated from last night's rain (primarily over 
central into northeastern Iowa). 

As we get later into the evening, the 850 mb jet will begin to ramp 
up, nosing into southeastern Nebraska and southwestern Iowa. This 
will interact with the boundary draped across the region, developing 
storms to our west which are progged to grow upscale into a 
mesoscale convective complex. Expectation would be for this complex 
to ride along the nose of the low level jet and with the instability 
gradient, tracking eastward into Iowa. This system could bring some 
damaging wind gusts through the state overnight into early Saturday 
morning. Likewise, heavy rainfall would be likely with this system, 
potentially adding to the rainfall amounts from any previous 
convection. Like the earlier, diurnally driven storms, CAMs are
struggling to get a handle on this complex, but it has been 
fairly persistent from run-to-run, just with differing paths and
intensity. If no storms occur earlier in the night, it stands 
to reason there will be a pocket of untapped air over Iowa that 
this MCS could take advantage of, leading to a more intense 
system. Conversely, if convection is ongoing much of the 
evening, the atmosphere may be more worked over in central Iowa,
pushing the system farther south. Therefore, like much of the 
activity this week, how this second wave plays out will be 
dependent on the first. Aside from the severe chances, this MCS 
will bring another shot of heavier rainfall, albeit more 
progressive than the earlier storms. This would be additive to 
any rain that occurs this afternoon. Total rainfall expected 
this evening may range quite a bit depending on if we get both 
waves, or just one or the other. That said, expectation is for 
at least an additional 1 to 2 inches of rain falling over most 
areas tonight, with some localized amounts of over 3 inches 
possible. A Flood Watch remains in effect through Saturday 
morning, and a number of area rivers continue to see rises 
today. For more information on the hydrological concerns, see 
the hydro discussion below. 

The overnight storms generally depart the area early Saturday 
morning, pushing the boundary to the south of Iowa. The upper level 
pattern will also be transitioning to more of a zonal flow, and 
losing some of the persistent low to mid level moisture advection as 
flow flips to more west and northwesterly through the day. That 
said, a shortwave aloft dropping out of Minnesota may still interact 
with the residual moist and unstable air mass in Iowa, producing 
some showers and thunderstorms in northern Iowa on Saturday. 
Fortunately, wind shear is negligible, meaning this activity would 
likely be pulsey and less organized. Therefore, the severe risk
seems minimal on Saturday, again assuming the surface boundary 
pushes out of the area Saturday morning. If it doesn't, 
diurnally driven storms could once again develop over southern 
Iowa Saturday afternoon, but this seems like an outlier 
scenario. Long story short, while the picture is becoming 
clearer for Independence Day, make sure to keep an eye on the 
forecast and radar on Saturday, especially if you have any 
outdoor plans!

&&

.LONG TERM /SUNDAY THROUGH THURSDAY/...
Issued at 233 PM CDT Fri Jul 3 2026

Aside from a few scattered showers at times, we generally get a 
break from the persistent thunderstorm chances Sunday into Monday, 
as northerly flow and increasing pressure at the surface fully takes 
over influence of Iowa. Temperatures respond accordingly, with 
relatively cooler highs in the mid 80s. Widespread precipitation 
chances look to return through the middle of next week, but more on 
that once we are through the weekend. 

&&

.AVIATION /18Z TAFS THROUGH 18Z SATURDAY/...
Issued at 1236 PM CDT Fri Jul 3 2026

VFR conditions currently prevail over the state today with
mostly clear skies. Thunderstorms are expected to develop again
late this afternoon and into the evening. Highest confidence for
thunderstorm impacts tonight will be at KDSM and KOTM, although
KFOD and KALO will be on the peripheries of this activity as
well. KMCW is likely too far north for storms, but haven't 
entirely ruled out a more northerly solution so have maintained
PROB30 mention. A period of MVFR cloud cover also looks to
develop early Saturday morning.

&&

.HYDROLOGY...
Issued at 233 PM CDT Fri Jul 3 2026

In the short term, flash flood type concerns will exist with any 
heavy rainfall through Saturday, with the main risk in the flash 
flood watch area. Most likely issues would be ponding especially in 
towns and cities. Heavier amounts than expected may lead to flash 
flooding especially localized.

River flooding is a longer term concern. Multiple river flood 
watches exist across the CWA. Those river forecast points are 
generally expected to rise near or slightly above flood stage. Given 
potential outcomes of rainfall into Saturday, confidence was below 
warning criteria. Existing river forecasts include 24 hrs of QPF. 
Basins that see higher rainfall than QPF may see higher rises than 
forecast, and basins that see lower rainfall than QPF may not see as 
high.

&&

.DMX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...
Flood Watch through Saturday morning for IAZ023>028-033>039-
044>050-057>062-070>075-081>086.
Extreme Heat Warning until 10 PM CDT this evening for 
IAZ084>086-092>097.

&&

$$

SHORT TERM...Dodson
LONG TERM...Dodson
AVIATION...Dodson
HYDROLOGY...Zogg